IATE Term of the Week: Degressive Proportionality

本周IATE术语:递减比例

2024-03-22 18:04 terminology Coordination

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Degressive proportionality is a way of dividing up representation in politics. In this system, bigger areas or groups get a bit less representation per person than smaller ones. In other words, as the size or population of a region increases, its representation per capita decreases. In the European Parliament, the allocation of seats is based on this principle. Greater the population of a Member State, the greater number of MEPs it will have — however, each MEP in a larger Member State then represents proportionately more citizens than would be the case in a smaller Member State. Introduced by the Lamassoure-Severin report, this concept has a very broad meaning. In the complex landscape of European politics, the principle of degressive proportionality has emerged as a key mechanism for balancing democratic equality and representation within the European Parliament (EP). This principle, enshrined in Article 14(2) of the Treaty on European Union (TEU), acknowledges the diverse needs and voices of member states while striving to uphold democratic ideals. According to the mentioned article, hence, the way seats are divided up in the European Parliament needs to be “degressively proportional”, meaning that smaller countries get more MEPs per person than bigger ones. This is done to make sure smaller countries have enough MEPs to represent their political parties properly. However, it also means that there is a difference in how much each vote counts between countries, which is not really fair in a transnational election. On the other hand, degressive proportionality poses challenges to the legitimacy of systems such as the lead candidate system, where the political group with the most votes may not necessarily secure the most seats, as it can lead to discrepancies between the EU-wide vote share of a European party and the seat share of its political group in the EP. Despite these challenges, degressive proportionality serves a crucial function in ensuring adequate representation of smaller member states’ party systems within the EP. In the fragmented European public sphere, MEPs play a vital role as bridges between national and European levels of political discourse. Over-representation of smaller member states facilitates this communication and fosters inclusivity within the Union. However, the compromise between democratic equality and representation of smaller member states’ interests is delicate. As the Union evolves, with potential future enlargements and shifts in political dynamics, careful consideration must be given to the impact of seat allocation on voting power imbalances within the EP. Finally, degressive proportionality allows for the articulation of heterogeneity and diversity within the Union citizenry, which remains divided in national constituencies. By balancing representation across different population sizes, it ensures that no region or party is overshadowed by larger counterparts. Conclusion In conclusion, the basic concept in degressive proportionality consists of assigning fewer seats to larger states than their corresponding proportion, in order to assign more seats to smaller states. While degressive proportionality presents challenges to democratic ideals, it remains a fundamental aspect of representation within the European Parliament. Its continued application requires ongoing evaluation and adaptation to maintain a delicate balance between democratic equality and the representation of diverse voices within the European Union. Bibliography: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32013D0312 https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=LEGISSUM%3Aai0010 A permanent system for seat allocation in the EP – Reconciling degressive proportionality and electoral equality through proportional completion: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/cmsdata/280848/PolDepC%20_A%20Permanent%20System%20for%20Seat%20Allocation%20in%20the%20EP_Muller.pdf 0 The Composition of the European Parliament: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/IDAN/2017/583117/IPOL_IDA(2017)583117_EN.pdf Written by Marilena Martucci Born and raised in Fasano, Italy, she developed a deep fascination for linguistics and diverse modes of communication. Her academic journey commenced with a Bachelor’s degree in Linguistics and Intercultural Communication in Bari, followed by advanced studies in Linguistics and Translation in Pisa. Fueled by her passion for Portuguese culture and language, she embarked on two enriching Erasmus experiences in Coimbra and Lisbon. After completing her Master’s degree, she settled in Lisbon, immersing herself in the fields of Journalism and Communication while continuously refining her expertise in languages and translation. Specialising in medical translation, she furthered her academic pursuits by studying Economics and Communication. She transitioned to a career in translation as Schuman Trainee at the European Parliament, focusing on terminology. Beyond her professional life, she enjoys exploring new cuisines, cooking, dancing, and indulging in literature.
递减比例是划分政治代表权的一种方式。在这个系统中,较大的地区或团体比较小的地区或团体获得的人均代表性要少一些。换句话说,随着一个区域面积或人口的增加,其人均代表性就会减少。 在欧洲议会中,席位的分配就是基于这一原则。一个成员国的人口越多,它将拥有越多的欧洲议会议员-然而,在一个较大的成员国中,每个欧洲议会议员代表的公民比在一个较小的成员国中更多。 拉马苏尔-塞维林报告提出的这一概念具有非常广泛的含义。在复杂的欧洲政治格局中,递减比例原则已成为平衡欧洲议会民主平等和代表性的关键机制。这一原则载于《欧洲联盟条约》第14条第2款,承认成员国的不同需求和声音,同时努力维护民主理想。因此,根据上述文章,欧洲议会席位的分配方式需要“递减比例”,这意味着小国比大国人均获得更多的欧洲议会议员。这样做是为了确保较小的国家有足够的欧洲议会议员来适当地代表他们的政党。但是,这也意味着各国之间每一张选票的多少是有区别的,这在跨国选举中并不真正公平。 另一方面,递减比例对领先候选人制度等制度的合法性提出了挑战,在这种制度下,拥有最多选票的政治团体不一定能获得最多席位,因为它可能导致欧洲政党在欧盟范围内的选票份额与其政治团体在欧洲议会中的席位份额之间的差异。 尽管存在这些挑战,但递减比例在确保较小成员国的政党体系在欧洲议会中有足够的代表性方面发挥着至关重要的作用。在支离破碎的欧洲公共领域,欧洲议会议员作为国家和欧洲政治话语之间的桥梁发挥着至关重要的作用。较小成员国的过多代表性有助于这种沟通,并促进欧盟内部的包容性。 然而,民主平等和代表较小成员国利益之间的妥协是微妙的。随着欧盟的发展,随着未来可能的扩大和政治动态的变化,必须仔细考虑席位分配对欧洲议会内部投票权不平衡的影响。 最后,递减的相称性使联邦公民内部的异质性和多样性得以表达,联邦公民在国家选区中仍然分裂。通过平衡不同人口规模的代表性,它确保没有任何地区或政党被较大的对手所掩盖。 结论 最后,递减比例的基本概念包括分配给大国的席位少于其相应的比例,以便分配给小国更多的席位。虽然递减的比例对民主理想提出了挑战,但它仍然是欧洲议会内代表权的一个基本方面。要继续适用这一原则,就需要不断进行评估和调整,以在欧洲联盟内部民主平等与不同声音的代表性之间保持微妙的平衡。 参考书目: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/? uri=CELEX:32013D0312 https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/? uri=LEGISSUM%3Aai0010 欧洲议会席位分配的永久制度-通过按比例完成实现递减比例和选举平等: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/cmsdata/280848/PolDepC%20_A%20Permanent%20System%20for%20Seat%20Allocation%20in%20the%20EP_Muller.pdf0页 欧洲议会的组成: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/IDAN/2017/583117/IPOL_IDA(2017)583117_EN.pdf 作者:Marilena Martucci 她在意大利法萨诺出生并长大,对语言学和多种交流模式产生了浓厚的兴趣。她的学术之旅始于巴里的语言学和跨文化交际学士学位,随后在比萨进行语言学和翻译的高级研究。在对葡萄牙文化和语言的热情的推动下,她在科英布拉和里斯本开始了两次丰富的伊拉斯谟体验。完成硕士学位后,她定居在里斯本,沉浸在新闻和传播领域,同时不断完善她在语言和翻译方面的专业知识。她专攻医学翻译,并通过学习经济学和传播学来进一步发展她的学术追求。她在欧洲议会担任舒曼培训生,专注于术语翻译。除了她的职业生活,她喜欢探索新的美食,烹饪,舞蹈,并沉迷于文学。

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