During the festive season in Spain, one of the most famous delicacies that is always on the menu are the turrones. Turrón is a type of Spanish sweet that is eaten particularly around Christmas, mainly made from almonds, honey and egg whites.
There are two traditional varieties: Alicante, which is hard and contains whole almonds, and Jijona, which is soft and made from crushed almonds.
Furthermore, there is another variety of turrón de Jijona: turrón a la piedra. This turrón has toasted almonds, sugar, lemon peel and cinnamon, so its flavor is different due to these last two ingredients. The almonds are grinded in a millstone, and this method is what gives this kind of turrón the name of “a la piedra” (which means stone in Spanish). Turrón de Jijona, on the other hand, does not have lemon or cinnamon, but honey and egg whites.
Is turrón thesame in the rest of Spain?
Actually, no! The turrón from Jijona and Alicante have the protected designation of origin (PDO), a geographical indication of the European Union. This regulates the quality of Spanish turrones, and the body only issues certification to companies that use traditional ingredients, as well as rigorous and ancient production methods. Many aspects are taken into account in order to obtain this qualification, for instance:
the quality of the ingredients and the percentage of almonds
the machinery used during the process
the steps followed during the elaboration process
rest time
the certainty that the turrón was produced in Jijona
This means that any turrón produced in another town cannot be considered turrón de Alicante or de Jijona, and will be commonly called turrón duro (instead of Alicante) or turrón blando (instead of Jijona).
Torrone and nougat
In other parts of the world they also have their own version of turrón, even with different varieties. For instance, in Italy this sweet is known as torrone, which is very similar to turrón de Alicante, but instead of using exclusively almonds, in Italy they also add hazelnuts and pistachios. In other regions, such as Sicily, they have other versions of torrone that are very popular: cubbaita and giuggiulena. These varieties of torrone are mainly made of honey and toasted sesame seeds.
In France, this dessert is called nougat. This variety is closer to the Italian version than the Spanish, because they also mix almonds with hazelnuts and pistachios.
References
Everything about spanish Turron (no date) ForeverBarcelona. Available at: https://www.foreverbarcelona.com/spanish-turron-candy-nougat-specialties/ (Accessed: November 18, 2022).
Termcoordeditor (2019) I·Ate Food Term: Christmas feast – part 2, Terminology Coordination Unit. Available at: https://termcoord.eu/2017/12/i%c2%b7ate-food-term-christmas-feast-part-2/ (Accessed: November 18, 2022).
AndSlsnt (2018) The Arabic Pastry Tradition: The “cubbaita”, Edel Modica . Available at: https://www.edelmodica.com/en/the-arabic-pastry-tradition-the-cubbaita/ (Accessed: November 18, 2022).
Il Torrone: Origini, Storia, consumo (no date) Sorgentenatura magazine. Available at: https://sorgentenatura.it/speciali/il-torrone (Accessed: November 18, 2022).
Amigofoods (2021) 4 types of Spanish turrones to add to your Christmas dessert menu, Amigofoods. Available at: https://blog.amigofoods.com/index.php/spanish-foods/types-spanish-turrones-christmas-dessert-menu/ (Accessed: November 18, 2022).
Joliet, L. (2022) A recipe from Provence: Nougat de montélimar, The Kitchn. Apartment Therapy, LLC. Available at: https://www.thekitchn.com/taste-of-provence-nougat-de-mo-122326 (Accessed: November 18, 2022).
Written by Laia Pérez Picó
Born in Alicante, Spain, Laia holds a Bachelor’s degree in Translation and Interpreting. She had the opportunity to study abroad in Canada and France thanks to different mobility programs. She also holds a Master’s degree in Institutional Translation at the University of Alicante and a second Master’s degree in Translation Technologies with an specialisation in Terminology at the University of Geneva.
在西班牙的节日期间,菜单上最著名的美食之一就是turrones。Turrón是一种西班牙甜食,主要由杏仁、蜂蜜和蛋清制成,特别在圣诞节前后食用。
杏仁有两种传统的品种:Alicante和Jijona,前者较硬,含有整颗杏仁,后者较软,由碎杏仁制成。
此外,还有另一种turrón de Jijona: turrón a la piedra。这个turrón有烤杏仁、糖、柠檬皮和肉桂,所以它的味道因这最后两种成分而不同。杏仁在磨石中研磨,这种方法使这种turrón得名“a la piedra”(在西班牙语中是石头的意思)。Turrón de Jijona,另一方面,没有柠檬或肉桂,但蜂蜜和蛋清。
turron在西班牙其他地方也一样吗?
实际上,不!来自吉约纳和阿利坎特的turrón拥有受保护的原产地指定(PDO),这是欧盟的地理标志。这规范了西班牙涡轮机的质量,该机构只向使用传统成分以及严格和古老的生产方法的公司颁发认证。为了获得这一资格,需要考虑许多方面,例如:
配料的质量和杏仁的百分比
生产过程中使用的机器
拟订过程中遵循的步骤
休息时间
turron产于Jijona的确定性
这意味着在其他城镇生产的任何turrón都不能被视为turrón de Alicante或de Jijona,通常会被称为turrón duro(而不是Alicante)或turrón blando(而不是Jijona)。
托龙和牛轧糖
在世界的其他地方,他们也有自己的turrón版本,即使是不同的品种。例如,在意大利,这种甜食被称为torrone,它与turrón de Alicante非常相似,但在意大利,他们不是只使用杏仁,而是添加榛子和开心果。在其他地区,如西西里岛,他们有其他版本的torrone非常受欢迎:cubbaita和giuggiulena。这些托罗内主要由蜂蜜和烤芝麻制成。
在法国,这种甜点被称为牛轧糖。这个品种比西班牙更接近意大利版本,因为他们也把杏仁和榛子、开心果混在一起。
参考文献
关于西班牙Turron(没有日期)永远巴塞罗那的一切。可在:https://www.foreverbarcelona.com/spanish-turron-candy-nougat-specialties/(访问时间:2022年11月18日)。
术语协调员(2019)I·进食术语:圣诞盛宴-第2部分,术语协调股。网址:https://termcoord.eu/2017/12/i%c2%b7ate-food-term-christmas-feast-part-2/(访问日期:2022年11月18日)。
AndSlsnt(2018)阿拉伯糕点传统:“cubbaita”,埃德尔·莫迪卡。可在:https://www.edelmodica.com/en/the-arabic-pastry-tradition-the-cubbaita/(访问时间:2022年11月18日)。
Il Torrone:起源,故事,消费(无日期)Sorgentenatura杂志.网址:https://sorgentenatura.it/speciali/il-torrone(访问日期:2022年11月18日)。
Amigofoods(2021)4种西班牙塔龙添加到您的圣诞甜点菜单,Amigofoods。网址:https://blog.amigofoods.com/index.php/spanish-foods/types-spanish-turrones-christmas-dessert-menu/(访问日期:2022年11月18日)。
乔利埃特湖(2022)普罗旺斯的配方:牛轧糖蒙泰利马,厨房。公寓治疗有限责任公司网址:https://www.thekitchn.com/taste-of-provence-nougat-de-mo-122326(访问日期:2022年11月18日)。
撰稿:拉娅·佩雷斯·皮科
莱亚出生于西班牙阿利坎特,拥有翻译学士学位。由于不同的流动项目,她有机会在加拿大和法国留学。她还在阿利坎特大学获得翻译硕士学位,并在日内瓦大学获得翻译技术专业术语硕士学位。
以上中文文本为机器翻译,存在不同程度偏差和错误,请理解并参考英文原文阅读。
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