IATE Term of the Week: Carbon Neutrality

本周术语:碳中和

2020-06-05 18:00 terminology Coordination

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IATE Term of the Week: Carbon Neutrality To date more and more companies turn into a carbon neutrality strategy. Microsoft, Sainsbury and the Bank of America are some examples of this practice. They invest money on research to obtain net-zero carbon footprint. The European Union also aims to achieve net-zero carbon dioxide emissions by 2050, as the president of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen has announced. Currently two EU countries have set the target of climate neutrality in law: Sweden aims to reach net-zero emissions by 2045 and France by 2050. Carbon neutrality is succeeded when there is a balance between emitting and absorbing carbon to and from the atmosphere. Carbon sinks help in preserving this balance. Carbon sinks are the systems that absorb more carbon than they emit. The main natural carbon sinks are soil, forests and oceans. According to estimations, natural sinks remove between 9.5 and 11 Gt of CO2 per year when the annual global CO2 emissions reached 37.1 Gt in 2017. Therefore, one way to become carbon neutral is by protecting all these natural sinks. Imagine that when a forest is burnt, then not only is a natural sink destroyed, but at the same time, a huge quantity of carbon is emitted to the atmosphere. Another way of achieving the balance is to offset emissions made in one sector by reducing them somewhere else. This can be done through investment in renewable energy, energy efficiency or other clean, low-carbon technologies. The EU’s emissions trading system (ETS) is an example of a carbon offsetting system. The number one target of the European Union now is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 40% by 2030 compared to 1990 levels. The long-term, strategy is to achieve a climate neutral economy by 2050. A strategy to cut emissions will be drawn up for each EU country to make sure they decrease emissions at a constant pace throughout this period. Sources Bank of America Announces Carbon Neutrality One Year Ahead of Schedule, environmentalleader.com. Accessed on February 2020. Sainsbury’s in £1bn investment to become carbon neutral by 2040, theguardian.com. Accessed on February 2020. Microsoft makes ‘carbon negative’ pledge, bbc.com. Accessed on February 2020. Climate change, europarl.europa.eu. Accessed on February 2020. EU progress towards its climate change goals (infographic), europarl.europa.eu. Accessed on February 2020 Climate change in Europe: facts and figures, europarl.europa.eu. Accessed on February 2020. Cutting EU greenhouse gas emissions: national targets for 2030, europarl.europa.eu. Accessed on February 2020. By Antonia Pappa. Born in Greece in 1992, she holds a Bachelor degree of Communication, Culture and Media.
本周术语:碳中和 如今,越来越多的企业开始实施碳中和战略。 微软、塞恩斯伯里和美国银行都采用了这种战略。这些公司投资科研以实现净零碳足迹。 欧盟委员会主席乌尔苏拉冯德莱恩所(Ursula von der Leyen)也已经宣布欧盟将在2050年之前实现二氧化碳净零排放。 目前,已有两个欧盟国家通过法律设定气候中立的目标:瑞典的目标是到2045年达到净零排放,法国的目标是到2050年达到净零排放。 当向大气排放和从大气吸收的碳之间达到平衡时,就达到了碳中和,而碳汇有助于保持这种平衡。 碳汇系统吸收的碳比排放的碳更多。 大自然中主要的碳汇是土壤,森林和海洋。 据估计,在2017年全球二氧化碳年排放量达到371亿吨时,自然碳汇每年清除95亿吨至110亿吨的二氧化碳。 因此,实现碳中和的其中一种方法就是保护所有的自然碳汇。 想象一下,如果烧毁一片森林,最终不仅破坏了一个天然的碳汇,还会将大量碳排放到大气中。 实现碳中和的另一种方法是通过减少某个领域的排放量来抵消另一个领域的排放量,具体做法包括投资可再生能源、提高能源效率或发展其他清洁低碳技术。 欧盟的排放交易体系(ETS)就属于这种碳抵消体系。 欧盟现在的首要目标是到2030年温室气体排放量与1990年相比减少40%,其长期战略是到2050年实现经济气候中立。 欧盟将为每个成员国制定一项减排战略,以确保欧盟各国在此期间稳步减少排放。 资料来源 《美国银行提前一年宣布碳中和》EnvironmentalLeader.com。 2020年2月访问。 《Sainsbury投资10亿英镑,旨在到2040年实现碳中和》TheGuardian.com。 2020年2月访问。 《微软做出“碳负”承诺》bbc.com。 2020年2月访问。 《气候变化》Europarl.Europa.EU。 2020年2月访问。 《欧盟实现气候变化目标的进展(信息图)》europarl.europa.EU。 2020年2月访问 《欧洲气候变化:事实与数字》,Europarl.Europa.EU。 2020年2月访问。 《削减欧盟温室气体排放:2030年国家目标》europarl.europa.EU。 2020年2月访问。 本文作者为安东尼娅·帕帕, 1992年出生于希腊,拥有传播、文化和传媒学士学位。

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